Last month an avowed white supremacist shot to death 50 people in two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand. The shooter carried out the slaughter with weapons, including an AR-15 semiautomatic rifle with a high-capacity magazine, that he had purchased legally, according to the BBC.
Prime minister Jacinda Ardern immediately called for a banon semiautomatic guns, assault rifles and high-capacity magazines. The government will buy back banned weapons from current owners, making exceptions for guns needed for pest control, stock management and hunting. Ardern said more restrictions would follow, including more rigorous licensing rules.
New Zealand’s plan resembles one enacted by Australia in 1996–also after a mass shooting–that is credited with sharply reducing homicides and suicides. The New Zealand law is expected to go into effect in mid-April, less than one month after the Christchurch massacre.
Mass shootings in the U.S. provoke lots of lamentation and little action. The 2012 massacre at the Sandy Hook elementary school in Newton, Connecticut, in which a man killed 20 children and seven adults, including himself, spurred calls by President Obama and others for stricter controls, in vain.
Since Sandy Hook, according to Vox, there have been 1,992 mass shootings (defined as an incident in which four or more people are shot) in the U.S. These have left at least 2,408 people dead and 8,160 wounded. By the time you read this these figures will probably be surpassed.
Mass shootings wreak collateral damage. Two survivors of last year’s massacre at a high school in Parkland, Florida, took their own lives last month, according to The New York Times. So did the father of a child killed at the Sandy Hook school.
Brady United, a nonprofit that works to reduce gun violence,applauded New Zealand’s prompt actionand called on U.S. politicians to pass similar legislation, including a bill that would ban assault weapons. (See this description of the billfor precise definitions of assault and semiautomatic weapons.)
The U.S. will be hard-pressed to emulate New Zealand, German Lopez asserts in Vox, for two reasons. America’s form of government makes it harder to pass controversial legislation. And the National Rifle Association, which claims five million members, has stymied gun-control efforts.
In part because of the NRA, the U.S. has “the most relaxed gun control measures in comparison with other developed nations,” Lopez states. There are “so many loopholes” in current federal, state and city laws that “most people can buy a gun without too much of a problem.”
The U.S. is the only nation with more firearms than people. There are 120.5 guns for every hundred Americans, according to the watchdog group Small Arms Survey. Yemen is a distant second, with 52.8 guns per 100 people. New Zealand now has 26.3 guns per 100 people, but it will soon have fewer.
The U.S. has much higher rates of gun violence than other developed nations. The rate of gun-related homicide in the U.S. is 29.7 for every million people, compared to 1.6 per million in New Zealand (before the Christchurch massacre), 1.4 in Australia and 5.1 in Canada.
Mass shootings account for a fraction of all firearm-related casualties in the U.S.. According to Gunpolicy.org, 36,658 Americans were killed by guns in 2016, including more than 14,000 homicides and 22,000 suicides. That total-death figure is up from 28,663 in the year 2000, an increase of 28 percent.
The NRA has derided New Zealand’s pending ban as “socialist disarmament” and has denouncedcalls for similar laws in the U.S. Such measures, the NRA warns, are first steps toward “confiscation,” which is “the ultimate goal of gun control advocates.” On that final point, the NRA is right. I want to see massive reductions in firearms, which would undoubtedly lead to massive reductions in deaths, injuries and fear.
The NRA has the gall to describe itself as “freedom-loving.” The NRA is actually a bully. It exploits the fear and fanaticism of its members—and the greed of arms manufacturers–to raise millions of dollars, with which it bends gutless politicians to its will. Most Americans want stricter gun laws, according to multiple surveys. By thwarting this goal, the NRA isn’t defending “freedom,” it is subverting democracy. The right of a minority to possess weapons should not supersede the right of the rest of us to live in a less violent world.
John Horgan directs the Center for Science Writings, which is part of the College of Arts & Letters. This column is adapted from one published on his Scientific Americanblog, “Cross-check.”
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