With finals around the corner and as the end of the semester approaches, students brace themselves for one of the most challenging and stressful times of the academic year: finals week. Mastering the science of studying, or even a little reminder, can go a long way for many students hoping to ace their exams. From the newest research, here are the best strategies that can help students study for their finals.
The process of learning involves encoding, storing, and retrieving information. When students study, the goal is to strengthen these processes to enhance the ability to recall information during exams.
One of the most effective study techniques supported by research is spaced repetition. This method involves reviewing material over increasing intervals of time. Instead of cramming all the information at once, spaced repetition distributes study sessions over time, allowing for better retention. Studies have shown that spaced repetition improves long-term retention compared to massed practice, where material is studied all at once. Tools like flashcards and spaced repetition software leverage this technique by presenting information at strategically spaced intervals, reinforcing memory and enhancing recall.
Active recall is another effective strategy that involves actively retrieving information from memory rather than simply rereading or passively reviewing the material. When students engage with the material by quizzing themselves or summarizing key concepts without referring to notes, students strengthen their memories. Research indicates that active recall promotes deeper learning and better retention of material compared to passive review methods. Incorporating activities such as self-testing, practice exams, or teaching the material to someone else can significantly enhance learning outcomes.
In a typical classroom setting, it’s often the case that only a portion of students actively participate by asking or answering questions. On the other hand, active learning environments aim to involve all students in the process of thinking about and engaging with course material. Through various activities, these classes offer opportunities for every student to interact with the content and practice essential skills such as learning, applying, synthesizing, or summarizing information, fostering a more inclusive and engaging learning experience.
One technique that’s not as common is Interleaved practice, which involves mixing up different topics or types of problems during study sessions rather than focusing on one topic at a time. This approach challenges the brain to make connections between different concepts and reinforces learning through varied practice. Studies have shown that interleaved practice leads to better long-term retention and transfer of knowledge compared to blocked practice, where topics are studied in isolation. By switching between topics or problem types, students can improve their ability to apply knowledge flexibly and effectively during exams.
Even with all these study methods, a student is only as effective as their brain is. It is critical to not overlook the role of sleep and rest during finals. Research has consistently demonstrated the importance of adequate sleep for learning and memory consolidation. During sleep, the brain processes and consolidates newly acquired information, enhancing retention and problem-solving abilities. Prioritizing sleep and incorporating regular breaks during study sessions are essential for maintaining cognitive function and preventing burnout.
Studying for finals can be hard and annoying, but using science-backed techniques, students can work smarter and not harder. Good luck, and happy studying Ducks!
